Category: Neurologic diseases drugs. step 2. choose drug |
Neurologic diseases FAQ
Can aspartame really cause side effects such as: Eye blindness in one or both eyes decreased vision and/or other eye problems such as: blurring, bright flashes, squiggly lines, tunnel vision, decreased night vision pain in one or both eyes decreased tears trouble with contact lenses bulging eyes Ear tinnitus - ringing or buzzing sound severe intolerance of noise marked hearing impairment Neurologic epileptic seizures headaches, migraines and (some severe) dizziness, unsteadiness, both confusion, memory loss, both severe drowsiness and sleepiness paresthesia or numbness of the limbs severe slurring of speech severe hyperactivity and restless legs atypical facial pain severe tremors Psychological/Psychiatric severe depression irritability aggression anxiety personality changes insomnia phobias Chest palpitations, tachycardia shortness of breath recent high blood pressure Gastrointestinal nausea diarrhea, sometimes with blood in stools abdominal pain pain when swallowing Skin and Allergies itching without a rash lip and mouth reactions hives aggravated respiratory allergies such as asthma Endocrine and Metabolic loss of control of diabetes menstrual changes marked thinning or loss of hair marked weight loss gradual weight gain aggravated low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) severe PMS Other frequency of voiding and burning during urination excessive thirst, fluid retention, leg swelling, and bloating increased susceptibility to infection Additional Symptoms of Aspartame Toxicity include the most critical symptoms of all death irreversible brain damage birth defects, including mental retardation peptic ulcers aspartame addiction and increased craving for sweets hyperactivity in children severe depression aggressive behavior suicidal tendencies Aspartame may trigger, mimic, or cause the following illnesses: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Epstein-Barr Post-Polio Syndrome Lyme Disease Grave’s Disease Meniere’s Disease Alzheimer’s Disease ALS Epilepsy Multiple Sclerosis (MS) EMS Hypothyroidism Mercury sensitivity from Amalgam fillings Fibromyalgia Lupus non-Hodgkins Lymphoma Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD)
SHould we make alcohol illegal?With all of the problems that alcohol causes, isn't it time that we make it illegal again? How can we let this stay legal? Why should our society put up with a bunch of drunks? Look at all the problems that alcohol causes. Liver disease Elevated liver enzyme levels Fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis Pancreatic disease Acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis Cardiovascular disease Hypertension Cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, stroke Gastrointestinal problems Gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, diarrhea, peptic ulcer disease Esophageal varices, Mallory-Weiss tears Neurologic disorders Headaches, blackouts, peripheral neuropathy Alcohol withdrawal syndrome, seizures, Wernicke's encephalopathy, dementia, cerebral atrophy, peripheral neuropathy, cognitive deficits, impaired motor functioning Reproductive system disorders Fetal alcohol effects, fetal alcohol syndrome Sexual dysfunction, amenorrhea, anovulation, early menopause, spontaneous abortion Cancers Neoplasm of the liver, neoplasm of the head and neck, neoplasm of the pancreas, neoplasm of the esophagus Psychiatric comorbidities Depression, anxiety Affective disorders, anxiety disorders, antisocial personality Legal problems Traffic violations, driving while intoxicated, public intoxication Motor vehicle accidents, violent offenses, fires Employment problems Tardiness, sick days, inability to concentrate, decreased competence Accidents, injury, job loss, chronic unemployment Family problems Family conflict, erratic child discipline, neglect of responsibilities, social isolation Divorce, spouse abuse, child abuse or neglect, loss of child custody Effects on children Overresponsibility, acting out, withdrawal, inability to concentrate, school problems, social isolation Learning disorders, behavior problems, emotional disturbance We need to step up the War on Drugs to include alcohol. It has NO positive benefits on our society. NONE. It should be illegal.
My argument against the soul. I cannot stop thinking about this & it is killing me inside :(?Jeff Olen characterizes the soul in his paper Personal Identity and Life After Death. Olen states that momentary consciousnesses, such as the feel of a breeze, inner feelings and thoughts, create a continuous stream of consciousness that makes a person the same as they were yesterday. As John Locke puts it, it is the sameness of psychology that defines the soul, which is why the words soul, mind, and consciousness will be used interchangeably in this argument. In this paper when the soul is mentioned, it is meant in the traditional sense, and is referring to these ideas of a continuous stream of consciousness, or sameness of psychology. In this paper I will argue against the popular notion that when an individual dies, their soul, which is a true representation of that individual, goes to heaven to exist for eternity. I reject the traditional notion of souls going to heaven due to the fact that the soul, or sameness of psychology, or continuous stream of consciousness is dependent on the varying levels of chemicals and brain structure embodied within an individual and is subject to change. When the brain’s chemistry is altered drastically, the new soul that arises is no longer an accurate representation of the individual in question; there is no non-arbitrary way one can distinguish between what is the true soul that is representative of an individual, and that which is the result of the human brain being altered or deteriorating in some way over the course a lifetime. The popular conception of life after death is that when one dies their soul, which is representative of that individual, leaves them and continues to exist for eternity in the afterlife. If this idea of an accurate representative soul exists, it must exist for everyone, however in certain cases an accurate representation of the soul cannot exist. In certain cases, the mind is altered due to disease, or chemical imbalances, and this new state of consciousness is no longer an accurate representation of the individual at hand. This claim will be substantiated through a case of Korsakoffs syndrome, one of the many different kinds of dementia. Dementia is the progressive decline in cognitive function due to damage or disease in the brain. Korsakoff’s syndrome is a disorder of the mental processes caused by the lack of the molecule thiamine, also known as vitamin B1. There are several symptoms of Korsakoff’s syndrome. They include severe memory loss, invented memories, lack of insight, and apathy. The main point here is not the individual symptoms, but that there is a noticeable change in the individual due to a chemical imbalance. This sameness of psychology, or continuity of consciousness, which we used to define the soul, has clearly been influenced through varying levels of chemicals in the human body and changed from its original state. That is, the soul is now different from what it once was. The consciousness resulting from a dementia of this magnitude is clearly not a good representation of the individual. I ask then, if one were to try and preserve an accurate representation of the consciousness of this individual before the effects of the dementia, then at what point would the soul be extracted? After one characteristic is lost? Two characteristics? Three? Or is it some other number? If it is after one characteristic is lost, then it is also true that when I lost interest in an aspect of my life yesterday, the consciousness I have today is not an accurate representation of me as an individual. If this is true, then the only consciousness that is an accurate representation of an individual is that sameness of psychology that occurs that they first embody. Any change leads to a state of consciousness that is no longer an accurate representation of the individual. If you believe it takes two characteristics, then the only soul that is representative is one that has changed no more than once. I can continue this line of reasoning for as many characteristics as one thinks it takes to change this sameness of psychology. The point is that there is no set number of characteristics that, if altered, constitute a change in psychology. There is a continuum between a soul that is an accurate representation of an individual, and that which is a consequence of dementia. Any line one tries to draw between the two is arbitrary, indeed. The number of characteristics one chooses seems based on random choice, or personal whim, rather than any reason or system. As a result, in cases of individuals suffering from dementia, it appears there is no non-arbitrary way to select a soul for the afterlife that is a true representation of the individual. There is a lady in the film Requiem for a Dream, who at first is a loving, compassionate, and more importantly, normal individual who has a profound relationship with her son. She begins taking weight loss pills that contain amphetamines, which has a negative effect on her neurologic The rest of the paper --> She begins taking weight loss pills that contain amphetamines, which has a negative effect on her neurological stability. By the end of the movie the chemicals in her body are so out of balance that she is no longer the same individual she once was. With her new state of mind her values and priorities have drastically changed, her relationship with her son slowly deteriorates to nothing, and she now interacts and perceives the world in a totally different way. I now ask, which mindset, or soul, of this lady would be preserved for eternity? It seems that the pre-amphetamine psyche of this lady was a better representation of who she was as an individual than the post-amphetamine psyche. The problem here lies in the issue of where to draw the line determining when she lost this sameness of psychology. Which, or what version of her soul will go to the afterlife. It is impossible to determine which state of a soul is a true representation of a human being. The common conception of the soul is not an accurate representation an individual in the traditional sense. It is, instead, a product or outcome of the varying levels of chemicals and brain structure contained within the human body. In cases of dementia the presence or absence of certain chemicals lead to a drastic change in this sameness of psychology, or stream of consciousness that we used to define the soul. Since the soul changes simultaneously with the varying levels of chemicals contained in the human body, it is evident that the soul is dependent on these chemicals. If our soul is subject to change due to these chemicals, then when we die, and these chemicals begin to deteriorate, our soul will deteriorate along with them. Rene Descartes and many other people argue that the soul is independent of the body. Cartesian Dualism is the view that the soul is immaterial and is independent from the material body. Descartes states that there is material substance, and mental substance. The mental substance is not an extended object in space and it is capable of thinking. The material substance does have extension in space, however it is incapable of thoughts. The essence of the mind is thinking, while the essence of the body is extension in space. Descartes states that the mind and the body interact, but the mind is independent and not affected by the body. Deliberate actions result from mental processes to physical processes, while perception results from the physical to the mental. This Cartesian Dualist view of the mind and body is similar to other views that separate the mind from the body. Cartesian Dualism holds the view that the immaterial is capable of interacting with the physical. There are not even any examples or instances to support the existence of anything immaterial. On top of that, there are also no cases of the non-physical interacting with the physical. If there is no support for the idea of the immaterial interacting with the material, than we should not attribute this relationship to humans. It seems that a likely motive for assigning this immaterial/material interaction only to humans, is that this notion is consistent with our ideas of an afterlife. Everyone, with certain exceptions, desires to continue their existence, and the thought of non-existence is one of the scariest thoughts one can have. The belief that the mind is immaterial seems to extinguish, or at least alleviate this fear. Secondly, if the mind is independent of the body, than why is it that the brain and the mind change simultaneously. A simultaneous change seems to indicate tha A simultaneous change seems to indicate that the two are interconnected. This presents two possibilities: either it is the chemistry of the brain that changes the mind, or it is the mind that changes the chemistry of the brain. Cartesian Dualism, already committed to the view that the mind is independent of the body, can only accept the idea that it is the mind, which changes the chemistry of the brain. This leads to counterintuitive consequences, especially when applied to cases of dementia and brain damage. If it is the soul that causes the change in the brain, then the cases of dementia mentioned earlier are actually cases of self-mutilation. Also when John Smith’s personality and brain chemistry changed concurrently with a pipe smashing through his forehead, it was his mind, which caused the change in his brain’s chemistry. If this is true, then it is a case of the immaterial interacting with the material, an idea that has little if any support. It seems very unlikely that his mind was the cause of the pipe smashing through his forehead. However, the idea that it is the brain’s chemistry which effects the mind leads to much more plausible consequences. In light of this view, it was the pipe smashing through John’s forehead that caused a change in his sameness of psychology. This seems to be a better explanation of the situation, especially considering the pipe’s trajectory already had a cause in the physical world. Cartesian Dualism leads to counterintuitive consequences and explanations with little support. As a result, it should not be accepted over the view that it is the brain that effects the mind, which leads to more plausible outcomes. Through cases of dementia and brain damage I have illustrated the idea that the soul is dependent on the brain structure and varying levels of chemicals contained within the human body. When there is a change in chemicals there seems to be a simultaneous change in the continuous stream of consciousness and sameness of psychology used to define the soul of an individual. Even if the soul was to be preserved before the effects of dementia or brain disease set in, there is no non-arbitrary way to select when this sameness of psychology or continuous stream of consciousness changed. . A representative soul does not exist, because the traditional view of the soul does not seem to remain an accurate representation of an individual over the course of time. The soul does however, remain an accurate representation of the changes within a human body. In conclusion, if the soul is representative of the varying levels of chemicals and brain structure contained within an individual, than when the brain and the chemicals contained within cease to exist, so will the soul. *I know the section on cartesian dualism is sketchy*
Please identify all the terms that would be unfamiliar to a layman?Please identify all the terms that would be unfamiliar to a layman and provide both a technical (e.g. card/i/o/graphy + the meaning of the word) and layman's (e.g. you have a problem with your heart muscle....etc.) definition for each of these terms, including singular and plural forms. Identify at least 10 terms Admit Date: 7/8 @ 20:22 Discharge Date/Time: 7/9 @ 10:10 Sex: M Age: 47 Disposition: Home Admitting Diagnosis: Possible esophageal foreign body. Discharge Diagnosis: Esophageal foreign body. Procedures: EGD with foreign body removal. CONSULTATION Date of Consultation: 7/8 This is a 47-year-old male who was in his usual state of health until early this evening when he developed an acute episode of odynophagia and a sensation of a foreign body in the proximal esophagus. This occurred after the patient had several bites of fish. The patient was evaluated with C-spine films and soft-tissue films, but no definite foreign body was seen. The soft tissue was noted to be normal. The patient, however, continued to have a sensation of a foreign body in the proximal esophagus and was complaining of upper esophageal pain. He has no past history of dysphagia, tobacco abuse, peptic ulcer disease, or reflux history. The patient has no past history of lye or corrosive substance ingestion. He denies any fever, chills, or shortness of breath. Past Medical History: Allergies: No known drug allergies. Medications: None. Surgeries: Repair of a laceration to the forehead 10 months ago. Medical History: History of hepatitis. Family History: Noncontributory. Review of Systems: No medical abnormalities. Physical Examination: Vital Signs: BP 130/80, P 92, T 98.5 General: This is a well-developed and well-nourished anxious black male in mild distress. Head and neck are normocephalic, atraumatic. Sclerae clear. The oropharynx is clear. The neck is supple with free range of motion and no thyromegaly. The trachea is midline and mobile. There is no crepitus noted. Lungs are clear bilaterally. Heart is regular rate and rhythm. Abdomen is soft and nontender with bowel sounds active in all four quadrants. There are no hepatosplenomegaly or masses noted. Rectal is deferred. Musculoskeletal with free range of motion. Neurologic with no focal deficits. Impression: Foreign body in upper esophagus or possible laceration of this area. We will plan for upper endoscopy to rule out an acute obstruction and, if necessary, remove the foreign body.
Do you have any of these conditions?Adverse reactions and side effects of aspartame include: Eye blindness in one or both eyes decreased vision and/or other eye problems such as: blurring, bright flashes, squiggly lines, tunnel vision, decreased night vision pain in one or both eyes decreased tears trouble with contact lenses bulging eyes Ear tinnitus - ringing or buzzing sound severe intolerance of noise marked hearing impairment Neurologic epileptic seizures headaches, migraines and (some severe) dizziness, unsteadiness, both confusion, memory loss, both severe drowsiness and sleepiness paresthesia or numbness of the limbs severe slurring of speech severe hyperactivity and restless legs atypical facial pain severe tremors Psychological/Psychiatric severe depression irritability aggression anxiety personality changes insomnia phobias Chest palpitations, tachycardia shortness of breath recent high blood pressure Gastrointestinal nausea diarrhea, sometimes with blood in stools abdominal pain pain when swallowing Skin and Allergies itching without a rash lip and mouth reactions hives aggravated respiratory allergies such as asthma Endocrine and Metabolic loss of control of diabetes menstrual changes marked thinning or loss of hair marked weight loss gradual weight gain aggravated low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) severe PMS Other frequency of voiding and burning during urination excessive thirst, fluid retention, leg swelling, and bloating increased susceptibility to infection Additional Symptoms of Aspartame Toxicity include the most critical symptoms of all death irreversible brain damage birth defects, including mental retardation peptic ulcers aspartame addiction and increased craving for sweets hyperactivity in children severe depression aggressive behavior suicidal tendencies Aspartame may trigger, mimic, or cause the following illnesses: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Epstein-Barr Post-Polio Syndrome Lyme Disease Grave’s Disease Meniere’s Disease Alzheimer’s Disease ALS Epilepsy Multiple Sclerosis (MS) EMS Hypothyroidism Mercury sensitivity from Amalgam fillings Fibromyalgia Lupus non-Hodgkins Lymphoma Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) THEN PLEASE WATCH THIS VIDEO! http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-566922170441334340
